KEY TO THE LAST TWO WEEKS' SESSIONS (please, check your answers)
UNIT 11:
UNIT 12:
PAGE 134:
SESSION 1:
PASSIVE REPORT STRUCTURES
Last week we revised passive common structures. As a summary:
We make the passive by putting the verb 'to be' into whatever tense we need and then add past participle. For regular verbs, we make the past participle by adding 'ed' to the infinitive. So play becomes played. For irregular verbs, check the third column of irregular verbs in your books. Remember there is a "mirror effect" in the structure:
"I grow pear trees"
SUBJECT VERB OBJECT
"Pear trees are grown by me"
SUBJECT PATIENT+ PASSIVE VERB + COMPLEMENT AGENT
"BY agent" is OPTIONAL IN SOME SITUATIONS and can be omitted.
When?
1. I do not know the agent : JFK was assassinated
2. The agent is evident: The thief was finally arrested
3. I do not want it to be known: The jar was broken
Today, we will focus on two further structures. Verbs with two objects and impersonal or passive report structures:
VERBS WITH TWO OBJECTS
When the sentence has more than one object like in:
"I sent a mail to my friends"
SUBJECT + VERB + DIRECT OBJECT + INDIRECT OBJECT
We have two options:
a. "A mail was sent to my friends by me" (the direct object is the focus)
OR
b. "My friends were sent a mail by me" (the indirect object is the focus)
Everything depends on what I want to emphasize.
What did you send? A mail was sent to my friends
Who were sent a mail? My friends were sent the mail
IN BOTH CASES THE OBJECT BECOMES THE SUBJECT PATIENT
2. PAGE 134 FROM YOUR BOOKS , EXERCISES 1-3
IMPERSONAL PASSIVES
They are used to express widely recognised facts. In Spanish "se sabe, se conoce, se comenta..."
3. Watch this video to learn more about impersonal passives
5. PAGE 134 FROM YOUR BOOKS EXERCISES 1,2.
SESSION 2:
GEOGRAPHICAL FEATURES
1. Go to page 134 and do exercises 1 and 2.
2. Complete the crossword:
LISTENING: Discovering New Species
3. Go to page 135, listen to the audio and do exercises 1-4 in the Listening Section. Please answer the questions in your notebooks. Audio 3.20
VERBS WITH NOUN COLLOCATIONS
A COLLOCATION is a word or phrase that is often used with another word or phrase, in a way that sounds correct to people who have spoken the language all their lives, but might not be expected from the meaning. Here you have examples with verbs GIVE, MAKE, PLAY and TAKE:
4. Go to page 137 and do exercises 1-4 in the Vocabulary Section
SESSION 3:
MRS DALLOWAY
Watch the video as an introduction to today's reading and complete the transcript below. Then, read the pages and add the new words to your glossaries.
Richard asks to sit down and talk to Clarissa, who's still thinking of Peter Walsh. They discuss their (1)................... for Hugh, Peter's return, and Elizabeth's overly (2)............... tutor, Miss Kilman. Richard cannot tell Clarissa he loves her, but he (3).................. her hand and feels happy.
Since a doctor once ordered Clarissa to rest for an hour after luncheon, Richard brings her a pillow and (4)................... Clarissa admires his "adorable, divine simplicity." She realizes both Richard and Peter have criticized her that day for her parties, since they cause her excitement that could damage her health and prove her devotion to (5)..................... pleasures. Clarissa wonders how to defend herself to them and decides she (6).................... parties as "an offering" to celebrate life. Despite her deep love for existence, she knows it will end in death. Elizabeth enters the room (7).................., Miss Kilman behind her. Elizabeth has become more serious as she's gotten older, with a dark, exotic beauty (8)................. her mother's. Miss Kilman stands behind her, listening to Clarissa and Elizabeth.
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